MultiversX Supernova Upgrade Decouples Consensus and Execution, Mainnet Expected to Activate on September 10

The Supernova upgrade of MultiversX decouples consensus from execution, allowing the network to reach block consensus before processing transactions. Prior to the upgrade, block production followed a sequential model where proposers had to execute transactions and submit results first, and validators would then re-execute the transactions before voting, making execution a critical path in consensus. Supernova changes this model, enabling proposers to directly propose blocks without prior execution; validators can vote once they confirm that the proposal adheres to the protocol, with execution occurring asynchronously in the background, typically referenced and notarized in the next block header, lagging consensus by about one block (approximately 600 milliseconds). To address the validity verification issues arising from decoupling, Supernova introduces a virtual memory pool state to track pending nonces, expected balance consumption, and transactions that have been proposed but not yet reached consensus, providing a forward-looking account view. Additionally, the Execution-Result Inclusion Estimator (EIE) limits the number of executable results that can be referenced in a block, while an automatic backpressure mechanism reduces block capacity when execution lags. Since August 20, Supernova has produced 600-millisecond blocks on the testnet and devnet, with the mainnet expected to activate on September 10, 2026.

This content is provided for general informational purposes only and doesn't constitute financial, investment, legal, or tax advice. Any events, rewards, online promotions, or related information mentioned herein should not be considered a recommendation, solicitation, or invitation to purchase, sell, trade, or otherwise deal in any crypto assets. Crypto assets are highly volatile and may result in loss. The availability of WEEX services, products, and related events may vary by region. You are responsible for ensuring that your participation is in accordance with applicable local laws and regulations.